Citation Styles Playbook

*Note that chapter 15 of the Chicago Manual of Style does not provide examples of lectures and PowerPoint presentations; therefore, the example below is adapted from information found in section 14.217. If the information is available online, include a URL.

IN-TEXT CITATION: (Speaker's last name Year)

• (Carson 2017)
• (Harper 2017)

REFERENCE LIST: Speaker's last name, first name. Year. "Title." Lecture delivered in class, Institution, Location, URL (if applicable).

• Carson, Marianne. 2015. "The War of 1812." Lecture delivered in class, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.
• Harper, David G. 2017. "Student Success." PowerPoint presented in class, Piedmont Virginia Community College, Charlottesville, VA.

*Note that chapter 15 of the Chicago Manual of Style does not provide examples of thesis and dissertation citations; therefore, the example below is adapted from information found in section 14.215. If the document is found online, include a URL. If the document is accessed through a commercial database (e.g., ProQuest Dissertations), include the database and, if available, an identification number.

IN-TEXT CITATION: (Author's last name Year, page number)

• (Hilde 2003, 35-40)
• (Vedrashko 2006, 61-62)

REFERENCE LIST: Author's last name, first name. Year. "Title." Type of Thesis. Academic institution. URL. 

• Hilde, Libra R. 2003. "Worth a Dozen Men: Women, Nursing, and Medical Care during the American Civil War." PhD diss., Harvard University. ProQuest (3091579).
• Vedrashko, Ilya. 2006. "Advertising in Computer Games." Master's thesis, MIT. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39144.

*Similar to newspapers, blog posts can be relegated to the text or notes. If a bibliography entry is needed, use the format of the examples below. Use the word blog in parentheses after the blog's title (unless blog is already in the title). If the blog is a part of a larger publication, include the name of that publication.

IN-TEXT CITATION: (Author's last name Year)

• (Germano 2017)

REFERENCE LIST: Author's last name, first name. "Title of Post." Blog Title (blog), Parent Publisher. Month Date, Year. URL.

• Germano, William. 2017. “Futurist Shock.” Lingua Franca (blog), Chronicle of Higher Education, February 15, 2017. http://www.chronicle.com/blogs/linguafranca/2017/02/15/futurist-shock/.

*Chicago Manual of Style section 15.51